", Read more about this topic: Wallace Muhammad. His concepts attracted hundreds of followers to the Allah Temple of Islam (ATI), as he called his group. Fard pleaded innocence and claimed he had no involvement in the murder. WebWallace Dodd Ford or Fard was also known as Wallace Fard Muhammad and he was the founder of the Nation of Islam in the 1930s in Detroit, MI. I am your brother. The Nation of Islam list Muhammads birthday as February 26, 1877, celebrated as a holiday called Saviours Day. Fard snuck back into Detroit in January 1933, but was identified by authorities, arrested in May and again ordered to leave the city. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wallace_Fard_Muhammad. He further reported that he was a resident alien and citizen of Afghanistan. Learn how your comment data is processed. On a 1926 San Quentin State Prison file, a Wallie D. Ford of Los Angeles gave his birthplace as Oregon, and his age as 31. From interviews with approximately 200 families who followed Fard, Beynon concluded: "Although the prophet lived in Detroit from July 4, 1930 until June 30, 1934, virtually nothing is known about him, save that he 'came from the East' and that he 'called' the Negroes of North America to enter the Nation of Islam. "[19], Beynon's interviewees told him that reports of Fard's message spread throughout the black community. ", Fard used the name "W. F. Muhammad" on several lessons written in 1933 and 1934. [24] He established the Moslem Girls' Training and General Civilization Class, where women were taught how to keep their houses, clean and cook. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. There is No God but ALLAH. He also taught us to give up all evil doings and practices and do righteousness or be destroyed from the face of the earth. With growing prestige over a constantly increasing group, [Fard] became bolder in his denunciation of white people and began to attack the teachings of the Bible in such a way as to shock his hearers and bring them to an emotional crisis. [25] Nation of Islam theology states that this "Messenger" is Elijah Muhammad. The 2 smear campaigns that were released also have me wondering what the agency hoped to accomplish. I have no idea who Fard was but I doubt he was black, which is ironic. [47] The paper published the story in an article titled "Black Muslim Founder Exposed As White. [22], Fard named his community the "Nation of Islam". The past History shows that the ALMIGHTY ALLAH sends Prophets and Apostles for the people's Guide and Example, and through them HIS Mystery was Revealed. Members of the Nation of Islam believe that he was a light-skinned black man or mulatto who knew both the white and the black world and who was born on February 26, 1877. They would have been born back in the 1860's, long before Hawaii was a part of the United States. [31], From the FBI's response to the Freedom of Information Act request, Evanzz claimed that Fard, using the name Fred Dodd, married Pearl Allen in Multnomah County, Oregon, on May 9, 1914, with their first child, a son, born the next year. However, Ford himself claimed to be from various places, including Spain and Hawaii. [11] In 2020, it attracted an estimated 14,000 participants. Their physical and economic difficulties alike were used to illustrate the new teaching. His main goal, he often stated, was to bring salvation to African-Americans, whom he often referred to as his lost uncle in the wilderness of North America.. Thus ended the FBI investigation into Fard's early life. He declared that we were without the knowledge of self or anyone else. Following his disappearance, Elijah Muhammad succeeded him as the chief of the Nation of Islam. Fard appeared as a peddler "from the East," selling silks and other sundries and dispensing advice about health and spiritual development to his customers. Pan-Islam is the ideology that calls for the unity and cooperation of Muslims worldwide on the basis of their shared Islamic identity. He taught a unique form of religion which was based on Islam to members of the city's African-American population. Fards First Temple of Islam included the Fruit of Islam, a military-like organization of black male converts, a Muslim Girls Training Corps Class and a University of Islam which, despite its name, was mainly focused on elementary and high-school level education. The first is the expansion of Islamic statesthat is, states whose ruling elite consisted, Islam This is the story that stuck. [14] He influenced his successor Elijah Muhammad, Malcolm X and many other Black Nationalist thinkers. They must clean themselves up both their bodies and their houses. WebMaster Fard's mysterious disappearance in 1934 led to an internal struggle for the leadership of the Nation of Islam among several contending factions. Lincoln, C. Eric. The FBI report states that fingerprints from Muhammads arrests in Detroit match Fords fingerprints from arrests in Los Angeles. According to Bontemps and Conroy, Fard claimed that he was the reincarnation of Noble Drew Ali. A son born to Allen during their marriage, Donald Campagna, is believed to be the result of an extramarital affair. Among the files reviewed was that of Wallace Dodd Ford. Harris was later declared mentally unbalanced, pleaded guilty and was imprisoned, while Fard and Ali were released. Fard referred to himself as a black man, despite his obviously light skin. A relatively short leadership struggle ended with Elijah Muhammad assuming control of the NOI. 9 Mysterious Disappearances of People Other Than Amelia Earhart, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Wallace-D-Fard, Wallace D. Fard - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). One of the Conference Members by the name of Mr. Osman Sharrieff said to the Eleven Members of the Conference: 'The Lost-Found Nation of Islam will not return to their original Land unless they, first, have a thorough Knowledge of their own.' Now, the Messenger and his Laborers worked day and night for the last three and one-half years, and their accomplishments are approximately twenty-five thousand"[25], In this lesson, Fard places the number of converts obtained in Detroit at 25,000, and he describes a "Messenger" sent to the "Lost-Found Nation of Islam" who is "of their own". ", Beynon refers to some of the lessons by Fard as an "oral tradition" that was recorded at the University of Islam as the "Secret Ritual of the Nation of Islam." His color is listed as White. According to the FBI report, Fords prison file lists his birthdate as February 25, 1891, and his parents as Zared and Beatrice of Hawaii. Corrections? [36][bettersourceneeded], A declassified Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) memorandum dated May 16, 1957, states: "From a review of instant file it does not appear that there has been a concerted effort to locate and fully identify W. D. Fard. In 1924, Ford married Carmen Trevino in Santa Ana, California. Despite a lack of fame, Mr. Fards legacy lives on to this day whether most of us know it or not. (February 22, 2023). Trevino was a 22-year-old native of Mexico also living in Los Angeles. He agreed to leave Detroit forever in order to receive immunity, and boarded a train bound for Chicago on Dec. 7. This would suggest he was, in fact, diabetic. He offered the media $100,000 if they could produce solid proof that Ford and Fard were the same person. The FBI were confident that Wallace Dodd Ford was, in fact, Wallace Fard Muhammad. https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/legal-and-political-magazines/fard-w-d-c-1877-1934-religious-and-political-leader, "Fard, W. D. (c. 1877-1934), Religious and Political Leader If in this way they obeyed Allah, he would take them back to the Paradise from which they had been stolen the Holy City of Mecca. He had met Muhammad in prison where the two men plotted a confidence game in which followers were charged a fee to become Muslims. This is my own personal theory and it is out there so this is a fair warning: I believe that Ford was a FBI plant sent in as a cointel agent to gather intelligence on the civil rights movement that would getting traction in many inner city's and southern States. [4], Fard was arrested again on January 20, 1926, for violation of the California Woolwine Possession Act,[39] and on February 15, 1926, for violation of the State Poison Act, for which he was sentenced to six months to six years at San Quentin State Prison on June 12, 1926. Detroit sues celebrity pastor and his nuisance mega-church over unfinished Woodward project, Detroits Movement fest releases full lineup: Basement Jaxx, Skrillex, Cybotron, Zeds Dead, and more. The Nation of Islam state that Muhammad was of African and Arab descent. The marriage did not last even a year; Ford accused his wife of being an alcoholic and a bad spender. His true identity remains unknown,[42] but there is strong evidence that the Nation of Islam founder Wallace D. Fard was the same man as Wallace Dodd Ford, an inmate in San Quentin Prison. Some have suggested that he was a member of the Moorish Science Temple of America or the Ahmadiyyah Movement. Both of these tenets are contrary to the creed of orthodox or Sunni Islam. Ford's prison records indicated he was born in Portland in 1891, the son of a Zared and Beatrice Ford; Zared presumably being a South Asian or Middle Eastern man, and Beatrice being a white woman. Officially, the NOI believes Fard departed Earth via supernatural means. In addition to his assertion that Fard was Ford, Evanzz also said that Fard was once a member of the Moorish Science Temple of America,[53][54] citing as a primary source the 1945 publication by Arna Bontemps and Jack Conroy titled They Seek A City. No further birth, marriage, or death records appear to exist for individuals matching Dodd or Muhammad. https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/legal-and-political-magazines/fard-w-d-c-1877-1934-religious-and-political-leader, African American Religions: Muslim Movements, Muhammad, Elijah Karriem (18971975), Religious and Political Leader. [citation needed] Harris attended meetings of the Detroit chapter of the Nation of Islam, then also called the Order of Islam, and Allah Temple of Islam, where he was given the name of Robert Karriem. Using both the Bible and the Qur'an, he began with meetings in houses until he had enough members to rent a storefront, which he called Temple of Islam No. [45] According to the FBI story, Fard was a "Muslim from Turkey who had come to the United States in the early 1900s. Two days later, Elijah Muhammads son, Wallace Muhammad, was named leader of the NOI, and quickly distanced himself from certain aspects of his fathers teachings most notably those denouncing whites as devils. But over time his ideology began to shift. I think you're right - between Fard's own obfuscation of his past and the FBI's misinformation campaign, we might never know just who he really was. However, the date of retrieval is often important. But none can be verified and he is almost certainly long dead now. The FBI is keeping close tabs on them and, realizing they have nothing on its founder, open an investigation into the man known as Wallace Fard Muhammad, considered by the Nation of Islam's followers to be an actual incarnation of God. He told his followers that they were not Americans and therefore owed no allegiance to the American flag and could refuse to serve in its military. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. He appeared in Detroit in 1930 and made a living as a street merchant. ), Mecca-born founder of the Nation of Islam (sometimes called Black Muslim) movement in the United States. [18] He began by selling silks door to door, telling his listeners that the silks came from their ancestral homeland. There is no evidence to back any of this up, but the story was republished in several news outlets. "Black Muslims," a name coined by C. Eric Lincoln in 1960, refers to the members of one of the most militant and separati, Muhammad, Elijah 18971975 Master W. D. Fard founded the Nation of Islam, or the "Black Muslim" movement, in a Detroit ghetto called Paradise Valley in July 1930. On his 1917 draft card, under the name "Wallie Dodd Fard", he listed his place of birth as "Shinka" in Afghanistan. Members of the movement believe Fard to be the incarnation of Allh, and his birthday, February 26, is observed as Saviours Day. , the date of retrieval is often important and Conroy, Fard claimed that he was the reincarnation of Drew. His concepts attracted hundreds of followers to the creed of orthodox or Sunni Islam 14,000 participants me what! Is almost certainly long dead now been born back in the 1860 's, long before Hawaii was a of. Is, states whose ruling elite consisted, Islam this is the story in an article ``..., in fact, Wallace Fard Muhammad were charged a fee to become Muslims can be and... 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